1. Keep Designs Simple
The more complex a design, the more difficult it is for all visitors to navigate, regardless of ability. Complexity makes it especially difficult for people with disabilities to access content using assistive technologies. Accessible website design is rooted in simplicity. This also improves SEO, because search engines like Google give higher rankings to fast loading websites with simple, clean user pathways.
2. Maintain Proper Color Contrast Ratios
People who are visually impaired struggle when reading text against certain background colors due to low contrast. The same goes for buttons and forms. Making sure that all text is large enough, and has sufficient contrast to stand out against its background, is imperative.
3. Use Easily Recognizable Focus States
Focus states are colored outlines that show up around links, inputs, and buttons, letting users know these elements can be navigated using the keyboard. They make it easier for those with limited mobility––or anyone who simply prefers keyboard navigation––to identify what part of the web page they’re looking for. Links, buttons, widgets, and form fields need to stand out.
4. Design for Screen Readers
When starting any design, it’s important to think about how screen readers will affect the user experience of your page. For example, if your navigation menu is at the top of your page visually, but located at the bottom of your HTML document, the experience for keyboard users will be more cumbersome and frustrating than it will be for users who can use a mouse to point and click.